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authorDavid Luevano Alvarado <david@luevano.xyz>2023-08-20 03:50:09 -0600
committerDavid Luevano Alvarado <david@luevano.xyz>2023-08-20 03:50:09 -0600
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treeee9edfcb0f6daf071dde619a02f3ab2bf2d3c390 /src/blog/temp
parent5911502c501c23a06c4663346ccc8d6d34e8cf9b (diff)
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-title: Set up a pastebin alternative with PrivateBin and YOURLS
-author: David Luévano
-lang: en
-summary: How to set up a pastebin alternative with PrivateBin and YOURLS, on Arch.
-tags: server
- tools
- code
- tutorial
- english
-
-https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Arch_package_guidelines
-https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Nginx#PHP_implementation
-
-mariadb (for mysql) is assumed
-
-# MariaDB
-
-[MariaDB](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/MariaDB) is a drop-in replacement of [MySQL](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/MySQL).
-
-Install the `mariadb` package:
-
-```sh
-pacman -S mariadb
-```
-
-Before starting/enabling the systemd service run:
-
-```sh
-mariadb-install-db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql
-```
-
-`start`/`enable` the `mariadb.service`:
-
-```sh
-systemctl start mariadb.service
-systemctl enable mariadb.service
-```
-
-Run and follow the secure installation script before proceding any further:
-
-```sh
-mariadb-secure-installation
-```
-
-Change the binding address so the service listens on `localhost` by modifying `/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf`:
-
-```ini
-[mariadb]
-bind-address = localhost
-```
-
-## Create users/databases
-
-Using `mariadb` as root, create users with their respective database (for our use-case) with the following queries:
-
-```sql
-MariaDB> CREATE USER '<username>'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '<password>';
-MariaDB> CREATE DATABASE <database_name>;
-MariaDB> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON <database_name>.* TO '<username>'@'localhost';
-MariaDB> quit
-```
-
-The `database_name` will depend on how YOURLS and PrivateBin are configured.
-
-# PHP
-
-[PHP](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/PHP) is a general-purpose scripting language that is usually used for web development, which was supposed to be ass for a long time but it seems to be a misconseption from the *old times*.
-
-Install the `php`, `php-fpm`, `php-gd` packages:
-
-```sh
-pacman -S php php-fpm php-gd
-```
-
-`start`/`enable` the `php-fpm.service`:
-
-```sh
-systemctl start php-fpm.service
-systemctl enable php-fpm.service
-```
-
-## Configuration
-
-Only showing configurations needed, main config file is located at `/etc/php/php.ini`, but drop-in files can be placed at `/etc/php/conf.d/` instead.
-
-Set timezone ([list of timezones](https://www.php.net/manual/en/timezones.php)):
-
-```ini
-date.timezone = Europe/Berlin
-```
-
-Enable the `gd` and `mysql` extensions:
-
-```ini
-extension=gd
-extension=pdo_mysql
-extension=mysqli
-```
-
-## Nginx
-
-Create a PHP specific config that can be reusable at `/etc/nginx/php_fastcgi.conf`:
-
-```nginx
-location ~ \.php$ {
- # 404
- try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
-
- # default fastcgi_params
- include fastcgi_params;
-
- # fastcgi settings
- fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock;
- fastcgi_index index.php;
- fastcgi_buffers 8 16k;
- fastcgi_buffer_size 32k;
-
- # fastcgi params
- fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $realpath_root;
- fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
- #fastcgi_param PHP_ADMIN_VALUE "open_basedir=$base/:/usr/lib/php/:/tmp/";
-}
-```
-
-This then can be imported by any `server` directive that needs it.
-
-# YOURLS
-
-[YOURLS](https://yourls.org/) is a self-hosted URL shortener that is supported by PrivateBin.
-
-Install from the AUR with `yay`:
-
-```sh
-yay -S yourls
-```
-
-Create a new user and database as described in [Create users](#Create users).
-
-## Configuration
-
-The default configuration file is self explanatory, it is located at `/etc/webapps/yourls/config.php`.
-
-Set the newly created user/database information and get one cookie string from the [URL provided](http://yourls.org/cookie) (or create your own). Then it is important to change/set the `$yours_user_passwords` variable. I also changed the "shortening method" to `62`:
-
-```php
-define( 'YOURLS_URL_CONVERT', 62 );
-```
-
-Lastly, the `$yourls_reserved_URL` variable will need more blacklisted words depending on the use-case.
-
-I had issues with the password hashing, which I disabled by adding the following config:
-
-```php
-define( 'YOURLS_NO_HASH_PASSWORD', true );
-```
-
-## Nginx
-
-Create a `yourls.conf` at the usual `sites-<available/enabled>` path for `nginx`:
-
-### TO-DO ACTUALLY WRITE FOR YOURLS
-
-```nginx
-server {
- listen 80;
- root //usr/share/webapps/privatebin/;
- server_name bin.yourdomain.com;
-
- if ($pastebin_badagent) {
- return 403;
- }
-
- location / {
- index index.html index.htm index.php;
- }
-
- include /etc/nginx/php_fastcgi.conf;
-}
-```
-
-# PrivateBin
-
-https://privatebin.info/
-https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/blob/master/doc/Installation.md#installation
---- https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/blob/master/INSTALL.md#installation
-https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/Configuration
-https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/privatebin
-
-Install from the AUR with `yay`:
-
-```sh
-yay -S privatebin
-```
-
-## Configuration
-
-This heavily depends on personal preference. Make a copy of the config template:
-
-```sh
-cp /etc/webapps/privatebin/conf.sample.php /etc/webapps/privatebin/conf.php
-```
-
-# TO-DO
-
-NEED TO SPECIFY THE DATA PATH CHAGE FROM 'DATA' TO 'VAR/LIB/PRIVATEBIN/
-
-At least configure the `[model]` and `[model_options]` to use SQLite instead of plain filesystem files.
-
-```sh
-[model]
-; example of DB configuration for SQLite
-class = Database
-[model_options]
-;dsn = "sqlite:" PATH "data/db.sq3"
-dsn = "sqlite:" PATH "/var/lib/privatebin/db.sq3"
-usr = null
-pwd = null
-opt[12] = true ; PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT
-```
-
-
-## Nginx
-
-To deny access to some bots/crawlers, PrivateBin provides a sample `.htaccess`, which is used in Apache. We need an Nginx version, which I found [here](https://gist.github.com/benediktg/948a70136e2104c8601da7d355061323).
-
-Add the following at the beginning of the `http` block of the `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf` file:
-
-```nginx
-http {
- map $http_user_agent $pastebin_badagent {
- ~*bot 1;
- ~*spider 1;
- ~*crawl 1;
- ~https?:// 1;
- WhatsApp 1;
- SkypeUriPreview 1;
- facebookexternalhit 1;
- }
-
- #...
-}
-```
-
-Create a `privatebin.conf` at the usual `sites-<available/enabled>` path for `nginx`:
-
-```nginx
-server {
- listen 80;
- root //usr/share/webapps/privatebin/;
- server_name bin.yourdomain.com;
-
- if ($pastebin_badagent) {
- return 403;
- }
-
- location / {
- index index.html index.htm index.php;
- }
-
- include /etc/nginx/php_fastcgi.conf;
-}
-```